Personalized dietary management in metabolic associated steatotic liver disease
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Pharmacological treatment of steatotic liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction
Content available only in Spanish.
Endoscopic options and bariatric surgery in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
Content available only in Spanish.
Gastroesophageal reflux disease
Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most prevalent digestive disorders worldwide and is a leading reason for medical care in Mexico. With a prevalence ranging from 10% to 20% in the general population of Western countries, and similar figures reported in Mexican studies, GERD not only significantly affects patients’ quality of life but […]
Definition, epidemiology, and risk factors of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Introduction Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is defined as a condition that develops when reflux of gastroduodenal contents into the esophagus causes troublesome symptoms or complications. The term “troublesome” refers to symptoms that interfere with the patient’s well-being and negatively affect quality of life1. This definition recognizes that GERD is not limited to the presence of […]
Pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease
Introduction The pathophysiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is complex and multifactorial. Unlike the traditional concept that attributed the disease to acid hypersecretion, it is now recognized that the development of GERD involves a dynamic imbalance between aggressor factors – such as the acidity of gastric contents, the frequency of reflux events, and esophageal sensitivity […]
Gastroesophageal reflux disease classification and subtypes
Introduction Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent diseases worldwide. The prevalence rate is estimated to range between 13% and 20% of the general population, although there is considerable regional variability1,2. GERD, as defined by the Montreal consensus, is a condition in which symptoms are recognized as esophageal manifestations (further divided into […]
Clinical suspicion and diagnostic strategies in gastroesophageal reflux disease
Introduction GERD is characterized by the recurrent presence of heartburn and regurgitation, considered bothersome by the patient, as well as by the appearance of specific complications of the disease. When diagnostic studies (endoscopy or pH monitoring) have not been performed to confirm it, it is defined as unproven GERD. In contrast, if there are findings […]
Complications of gastroesophageal reflux disease: peptic strictures, Barrett’s esophagus, and extra-esophageal respiratory complications
Introduction Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most frequent digestive diseases, with a clinical spectrum ranging from heartburn and regurgitation to structural and functional complications of the esophagus and other organs. It affects 10-20% of the population and transcends the digestive system, being associated with clinically relevant esophageal and extra-esophageal complications. Among the […]
Lifestyle modifications in gastroesophageal reflux disease
Introduction In the recommendations for good clinical practice of the Mexican Association of Gastroenterology, it is established that all patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) should lose weight if overweight or obese, avoid smoking, and not consume those foods they identify as inducers of their symptoms. Patients with nocturnal reflux should eat dinner early, elevate […]